Social · Platform
Stage
Function
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Bluesky
1Open-protocol microblogging with chronological and custom feeds, no ads, and portable accounts—though $100M+ of venture money will eventually want a return.
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Discord
3Strong real-time product for communities, but your social graph and server history are deeply embedded—switching means rebuilding social capital elsewhere.
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Facebook
4The canonical enshittification case: a feed that once showed your friends now serves ads, recommended posts, and AI content to an ageing, shrinking audience.
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Instagram
3Photo sharing turned short-video storefront: Reels, ads, and shopping crowd out the people you follow, while Meta's AI and ad systems mine every interaction.
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LinkedIn
3The default résumé graph for many industries, increasingly monetized via feed ads, recruiter tools, and upsells—users are the inventory.
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Mastodon (fediverse)
1Federated microblogging with no single owner; rough edges, but user surplus and exit to other instances is real.
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Reddit
3Mature platform shifting value toward advertisers, mods as unpaid labor, and product changes that prioritize engagement over quality.
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TikTok
3The most effective attention machine yet: a recommendation feed that pays off for viewers while ads, TikTok Shop, and creator payout swings shift value to the platform.
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X (Twitter)
4API paywalls, algorithmic feeds, verification products, and ad load shift surplus toward the operator and advertisers—classic extraction on a still-central public square.