Travel · Platform
Stage
Function
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Airbnb
3Two-sided travel marketplace: guest fees, host policies, and algorithmic ranking shift surplus toward the platform as inventory professionalizes.
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Booking.com
3OTA giant: aggressive merchandising, Genius loyalty nudges, and partner commissions typify scaled travel extraction.
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Hipcamp
2Outdoor accommodation marketplace for camping, glamping, and farm stays; host-aligned fee structure and a niche that resists the race-to-the-bottom commoditisation of hotel OTAs.
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Hotels.com
3Expedia-owned OTA: rewards stamps and merchandising follow the same commission-and-upsell playbook as sister brands.